The air conditioner is an essential system in the home since it controls the air temperature in the room, making the home interior comfortable to inhabit. The video breaks down the processes involved in the working of an air conditioner.
An air conditioner typically has multiple coils with refrigerant flowing through it.
The coils within the air conditioner are collectively referred to as the evaporator. They are typically hotter than the room surroundings, and the coils outside the air conditioner are collectively called the condenser and are maintained at a cooler temperature than the evaporator.
The temperature difference between the evaporator and the condenser leads to the condenser absorbing heat from the room and ejecting it into the environment. A compressor and an expansion valve are the needed components to make this working principle function properly in an air conditioning system.
The compressor increases the pressure of the refrigerant. The increased pressure causes the refrigerant to attain a higher temperature than the environment. The heat can be easily ejected when the hot, gaseous refrigerant is passed through the heat exchanger. An expansion valve restricts the outflow of the refrigerant, thus reducing the pressure. As the pressure drops, parts of the refrigerant are evaporated. For the evaporation to occur, the refrigerant must supply energy, leading to a temperature drop. This step produces a cold refrigerant. The passing of room air over the evaporator eventually causes the room temperature to drop.